Virtual Private Network Tools Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Virtual Private Network Tools - Term Paper Example This research tells that VPNs create a virtual tunnel over the publicly available internet through the use of symmetric encryption. Common encryption and decryption keys which are used to encrypt all traffic in both directions are shared by both sides of the tunnel. In addition to the provision of an alternative to the use of the proxy server for remote access to campus resources, VPN also ensures secure methods to authenticate to the campus wireless network hence data security through the use of encryption technologies such as PPTP, L2TP, IPSec, and SOCKS. For a smooth establishment and maintenance of a virtual private network, one is required to have appropriate networking software and hardware installed in their computers and the local network. VPN software enables a client to join a private network as if they are at a local computer within the network despite the physical distance the client might be away from the network. This software ensures the security of the private network through the use of cryptographic tunneling protocols to ensure confidentiality and message integrity. In order to completely set up a virtual private network, certain software and hardware tools known as the VPN tools are necessary.T his paper discusses in depth four VPN tools namely, OpenVPN, Cisco VPN Client, LogMeIn Hamachi, and Windows built-in VPN. OpenVPN is an open source software application for virtual private network implementation, meaning it can be downloaded and used for free. Its main role is to securely tunnel encrypted data from the server to the client or client to the server through a single port over an unsecured network. Its popularity among VPN users comes from the fact that it’s a multi-platform application that supports different platforms unlike most of the other VPN software applications. It

Software Defined Networks (SDN) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Software Defined Networks (SDN) - Essay Example According to capability and application definition SDN seeks to provide a standard based application development platform and commoditize network hardware. This includes taking most of the functionality and features that exist in custom proprietary software then directing it in to an open SDN space. An in-depth on how SDN is implemented is that the system is incorporated in underutilized servers that information technology organizations already operate and own. In summary, the firmware of routers and network switches that has for a long time remained under the control of the companies that manufacture this equipment is been changed by making this remotely modifiable and remotely accessible through third party software clients, making use of open flow an example an open protocol. SDN allows for external access to the innards of routers and switches that were formally proprietary and closed and also for quick optimization and experimenting of routing or switching policies. The switchin g fabric of conventional Layer 2/3 networks serves as a routing and switching fabric for the blade center server chassis. These switches have the capability of layer 2 switching and layer three routing providing security and flexible traffic management in the chassis. The layer 2/3 fiber GbE and Copper switching modules provides full layer 2 switching making capabilities available such as link aggregation control, Cisco Ether channel, advanced spanning tree protocols and 802.1Q VLANs, Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), performance features and application delivery such as granular QOS, multicasting and snooping (‘Nortel Networks Layer 2/3 Gbe Switch Module’ 2004). The open flow technology showcases network programmability through the remote control application. This is all about remotely and directly programming a network switch to handle traffic dynamically in a particular way making use of the CLI type of commands. An example, to achieve the forward flow to a particular switch port, ensure other flows are blocked, while the switch is programmed to make such actions alternate in a predefined manner i.e. time interval of say 40 seconds. Use this demonstration using a number of servers that are to listen to the same multicast address while the switch is being programmed to allow a single server to give air play to a single client in the case of video servers. This application is applicable in the context of software defined networking as it empowers the operator, user and administrator to have an own definition of treating traffic. This, in a way, resembles the activities and operations of a TV remote control where one is able to switch through channels only that in this case it is automatic. This is transparent to the end host in that clients and video servers are unaware of the switch managing or controlling the traffic (Anderson, c, et al, 2009 Remote Control SDN). A command line interface (CLI) is a dialog or an interface where two prog rams or the user and the program pass a command line in SDN it is an essential key aspect. Such command lines used in software defined networks are some of the windows shell and OS/2 presentation manager these graphical interfaces helps programs and users communicate with their execution strategies such as opening programs and documents. The registry or the graphical shell is where these commands are stored. In SDN standard input/output interface (stdin $ stdout) can be

Integrated system design for cloud enterprise network and a secure Essay

Integrated system design for cloud enterprise network and a secure BYOD - Essay Example A cloud enterprise network is a network that leverages cloud services for an organization to enable organizations to store and transfer information through a closed network. Cloud enterprise networks only require the organization to have an internet connection and either wired or wireless private physical infrastructure (such as computers and mobile devices). A cloud enterprise network allows employees to access files, applications and printers from any location and on any device. BYOD is a phrase that has gained wide adoption in reference to employees who bring their personal devices to work in order to use them for connectivity and use on the company’s secure corporate network. Employees use their own smartphones, PDAs, laptops and tablets for use at the workplace. Surveys indicate that allowing employees to use their personal devices to access the organization’s private information and applications contributes to an increase in convenience and productivity of employees (Hayes & Kotwica, 2013, 26). An integrated computing system is a system involving an organization combining component subsystems with software applications both functionally and physically to function in coordination. Organizations use the integrated computing system together with their cloud network in BYOD to store information as well as transfer files in a secure way. Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing organizations’ integrated computing systems through different measures. Security of the organization’s network is an important factor to consider in the implementation of BYOD (Hayes & Kotwica, 2013, 28). Despite the fact that using personal devices for BYOD causing security concerns, many organizations that have adopted BYOD implement a security policy for their networks to assist their respective Information Technology teams to quell such concerns. Organizations have implemented several measures to boost their BYOD security. Such

A Small Theory of the Visible Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Small Theory of the Visible - Essay Example Reality, and not just the wilderness, is something that lies outside of what is practical, and can only be properly appreciated from a kind of receptivity that the artists perspective can capture. There are profound insights to be had from taking this view (Williams; Berger). Williams in a way hopes to frame the wilderness as conceptual art, as living art, or as performance art, at any rate a form of art. This is not an empty exercise in highfalutin aesthetics, or an attempt to cultivate an elevated mind. This is not empty intellectualizing, but something rooted in the way the wilderness and its experience can be made more immediate. This is not to say that framing the wilderness as art is something that has some outward economic, financial, or utilitarian function, to improve humanity. This is not it at all. In the mind of Williams this has more to do with the proper framing of the wilderness in terms of a perspective that in a way restores its sanctity, its religious essence. Art i s something that has no defined use in society, and it has the ability to jolt and to shock people into paying attention, away from their smart phones, their computers, their mundane interests, their conversations, and the business of life. Why shouldnt the wilderness be framed in the same way? There is something ultimately mysterious and indefinable about the wilderness, something that cannot be tamed and cannot be domesticated and caged in aquariums, or in natural history museums. There is something ultimately mysterious.

Identify and Evaluate the Sources of Long-Term Finance Available to Essay

Identify and Evaluate the Sources of Long-Term Finance Available to the Company - Essay Example Thirdly, the result from the previous estimation will be analyzed. Finally, this study will give recommendation on how the project should be financed if the board of director decides to carry out the project. TASK 1: Estimate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital for Made-Up PLC The author will now undertake the estimation of the company’s weight average cost of capital (WACC) by estimating the cost of capital from each financial source of the company. The company currently has three long-term sources of finance, which are ordinary shares, preference shares and bond issuance. 1: The Cost of Ordinary Shares, Ko The company has 4,600m of ordinary shares currently sold on the market at ?1.55 per share. Hence, the market value of ordinary shares is: 1.55 * 4,600m = ?7,130m One method which can be used to estimate the cost of ordinary shares is Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). ... Hence, the rate of return on long term (10 years) UK government Bond will be used for this case. According to the data from Bloomberg, the rate was quote as 2.35% (Bloomberg, 2011). In estimating a beta (?) for the company, there are two estimation methodologies, using a ? of an existing firm in the same line of business and averaging ?s of several companies in the same industry. In this analysis, the ? is derived from that of an existing firm with similar capacity to Made-UP Plc’s. This estimation has an advantage over the average ? methodology since firms within the same industry could have very different ?s and the resulted ? could be unpredictable and unsuitable to Made-UP Plc’s. Since Made-UP Plc’s and TESCO are ones of the largest firms in the industry and have very similar lines of business, the TESCO’s beta will be used for this case, which is 0.7546 (Financial times, 2011). In the case of risk premium, the figure is taken from an empirical study b y Fernandez and Campo (2010). They investigated the average market risk premium used by analysts and companies in the UK in 2010. The result indicated that the average market risk premium used by analysts was 5.2 and 5.6 for the companies. The author will use 5.2 for this case. According to the figures above, the cost of ordinary share can be calculated as follows, The cost of ordinary shares = 2.35 + (0.7551 * 5.2) = 6.28% 2: The Cost of Preference Shares, Kp The company has 150m of irredeemable ?1 nominal preference shares with coupon rate of 5%, payable annually. The shares are currently selling at ?0.68 per share. Hence, the market value of preference shares is: 150m * ?0.68 = ?102m The Cost of preference shares can be calculated by

Induction process project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Induction process project - Assignment Example Though known as ABC at the time, the organisation accorded clients with discounted rates, before proceeding to sell travel insurance in 1986. By 1988, the firm had already become a branch of the UK airport parking. It is from this point that Holiday Extras Ltd was renamed ABC Holiday Extras. By the end of the 1990s, Holiday Extras Ltd had already acquired its car parking company near Birmingham Airport (Barr, Shaw, Coles & Prillwitz, 2010, pp. 471-81). Presently, Holiday Extras Ltd has numerous sites at Cardiff, Birmingham, Gatwick, East Midlands, Luton, Manchester, Glasgow and Newcastle. All these total to more than 28,000 spaces. It is from 2003 that ABC Holiday Extras Ltd became Holiday Extras proper, through renaming. Presently, the company has a revenue pool that is worth 155 million British Pounds and more than 500 employees (Pollitt, 2007, p. 575 & McCabe, 2009, p. 688). Some of the products that are attributable to Holiday Extras Ltd include Theatre Breaks, Airport Parking, Airport Lounges, Airport Hotels, Theme Park Breaks and Travel Insurance. The company’s headquarters is situated in Hythe, United Kingdom and is presently planning on building a 1,415 square-metre extension (Dickinson, Robbins & Lumsdon, 2010, pp. 482-9). The programme is divided into three sessions: session I, II and III. The facilitators are to comprise designated representatives of all the departments who have been trained on their respective inputs of every player. These departmental representatives are to have their work specified for them and are to be assisted by a subordinating team. Just as Fitzsimmons, Miska & Stahl (2011, pp. 199-206) recommend, the evaluation form will consider several constructs to ascertain the success of the event. Some of these constructs include: attendance and positive feedback from the non-employee stakeholders. The

Khalifa Tower Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Khalifa Tower - Essay Example Its construction kicked off in 2004 and took around 7 years to complete. It is without a doubt earth’s tallest freestanding structure, overtaking the Great Pyramid of Giza. The basic ideology of building the Khalifa Tower is to make it the basic centerpiece structure of the world. Its grandeur is such that people want to throng it for all the right reasons. Its majesty attracts people from around the world and they want to have a snap with it to show off to their friends and family members (Author Unknown, 2011). The Khalifa Tower is a phenomenon in its own right. The government of the United Arab Emirates wanted to make the Khalifa Tower one of the best known names in the world and hence the reason that Khalifa Tower came into being. The vision is to diversify from an oil based economy to more of a service and tourism based one. International recognition and that too in a positive vein is one of the most basic ideologies why Khalifa Tower is in place at the present. The polit ical impact for Dubai was such that before Khalifa Tower came into being, the city still enjoyed recognition for all the positive elements that comprised within it. The rulers played their role at telling the world how well Dubai can serve them, and thus trade and investment came in huge numbers. The responsibility lied on the shoulders of the ruler of United Arab Emirates who wanted to make Dubai one of the finest and most elegant destinations within the Middle East. The economic impact before the launching of Khalifa Tower was that the country was receiving economic upheaval; however, with the advent of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, Dubai was hit badly. With help and facilitation from the relevant quarters, and most specifically from the Government of the land, Dubai was able to sustain itself. This made the task even easier for Khalifa Tower to follow within the midst of Dubai (Author Unknown, 2010). The social impact before the foundation stone of Khalifa Tower was put into place, in 2004, was such that the people enjoyed places like Burj Dubai, Dubai Mall, Ibn-e-Batuta and others. Hence, the Khalifa Tower was a totally new marvel for them since they could see it with their own eyes as the tallest free standing structure in the world. People were still proud of the city that resided within and with the institution of the Khalifa Tower, their pride became even higher. The technological impact before was such that Dubai was considered as one of the most wired cities around the globe. Also its technological prowess was something to write home about (Knight, 2010). This increased with the Khalifa Tower coming into full effect, and it became a serious reality after investors opened their arms in unison with the launch of the project, was back in 2004. The importance of Khalifa Tower to Dubai is that it has become a symbol of excellence. This is because it is a huge engineering and architectural marvel. The building closely resembles the bundled tube form of the Willis Tower (Albert, 2011). However, it is not a bundle tube structure in entirety. In the early planning phases of the Khalifa Tower, it was supposed to be entirely residential but with the passage of time, its commercial role was also projected more and more. Emaar Properties chose Hyder Consulting as the supervising engineer and NORR Group Consultants International Limited was chosen as the ones who